“侯氏制碱法”生产纯碱的主要反应是NaCl+NH4HCO3═NaHCO3↓+NH4Cl。如图是三种物质的溶解度曲线。下列叙述正确的是（ ）
【分析】根据固体的溶解度曲线可以知道：①查出某物质在一定温度下的溶解度，从而确定物质的溶解性；②比较不同物质在同一温度下的溶解度大小，从而判断饱和溶液中溶质的质量分数的大小；③判断物质的溶解度随温度变化的变化情况，从而判断通过降温结晶还是蒸发结晶的方法达到提纯物质的目的。根据题目信息和溶解度曲线可知：氯化铵、氯化钠、碳酸氢钠三种固体物质的溶解度，都是随温度升高而增大，而氯化钠的溶解度随温度的升高变化比较小。
【解答】解：A、由溶解度曲线可知，0℃时，NH4Cl的溶解度小于NaCl的溶解度，故A错；
B、因为20℃时，NH4Cl的溶解度大于NaHCO3的溶解度，所以20℃时，NaHCO3饱和溶液中溶质的质量分数不一定大于NH4Cl不饱和溶液中溶质的质量分数，故B错；
C、20℃时，NaHCO3的溶解度是9.6g，即在该温度下，100g水中最多溶解9.6gNaHCO3，5.85g NaCl和7.9g NH4HCO3反应能生成8.4gNaHCO3，所以20℃时，100g水中加入5.85g NaCl和7.9g NH4HCO3固体，得到NaHCO3的不饱和溶液，不能析出NaHCO3晶体，故C错；
D、NH4Cl溶解度受温度影响较大，NaCl的溶解度受温度影响较小，所以NH4Cl固体中含有少量的NaCl，可用降温结晶的方法提纯NH4Cl，故D正确。
故选：D。
【点评】本考点考查了溶解度曲线及其应用，通过溶解度曲线我们可以获得很多信息；还考查了有关溶液和结晶的计算，有关的计算要准确，本考点主要出现在选择题和填空题中．
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