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发布时间： 2021-10-18 14:07
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First two hours, now three hours-this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight, at least at some major U. S. airports with increasingly massive securities lines.
Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security protocols in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804, which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea, provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of air travels or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on American’s economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating.
Last year, the Transportation Security Administration （TSA） found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons—both fake and real一past airport security nearly every time they tried. Enhanced security measures since then, combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving economy and low oil prices, have resulted in long waits at major airports such as Chicago’s O' Hare International. It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become—but the airlines are obvious.
Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel, so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes. Another fact may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry - on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlines strongly dispute this.
There is one step the USA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: En?roll more people in the PreCheck program. PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes. This allows the TSA to focus on travels who are higher risk, saving time fo
本题解析：
主旨大意题。全文的中心主题在文章的第一二段范围里，第一段介绍事实背景，第二段首句提及了美国人对于安全检查方面的状况，并在下文提及了所出现的问题。C项安检流程陷入困境是对原文的总结概括, A项是原文的具体细节，B、D是最后三段的内容。
First two hours, now three hours-this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight, at least at some major U. S. airports with increasingly massive securities lines.
Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security protocols in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804, which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea, provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of air travels or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on American’s economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating.
Last year, the Transportation Security Administration （TSA） found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons—both fake and real一past airport security nearly every time they tried. Enhanced security measures since then, combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving economy and low oil prices, have resulted in long waits at major airports such as Chicago’s O' Hare International. It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become—but the airlines are obvious.
Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel, so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes. Another fact may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry - on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlines strongly dispute this.
There is one step the USA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: En?roll more people in the PreCheck program. PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes. This allows the TSA to focus on travels who are higher risk, saving time fo
本题解析：
细节理解题。倒数第二段第二句"this price tag has been the PreCheck's fatal flaw." , this 指代本段第一句话passengers必须每五年pay 85美元来做 background checks。 D 项中的 unrea?sonable price是原文的85美元，enrollment是原文的 process background checks 。A 项未提及，C 项错误，属于推理过度，政府不愿意支持是对原文的曲解。
First two hours, now three hours-this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight, at least at some major U. S. airports with increasingly massive securities lines.
Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security protocols in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804, which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea, provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of air travels or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on American’s economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating.
Last year, the Transportation Security Administration （TSA） found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons—both fake and real一past airport security nearly every time they tried. Enhanced security measures since then, combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving economy and low oil prices, have resulted in long waits at major airports such as Chicago’s O' Hare International. It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become—but the airlines are obvious.
Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel, so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes. Another fact may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry - on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlines strongly dispute this.
There is one step the USA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: En?roll more people in the PreCheck program. PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes. This allows the TSA to focus on travels who are higher risk, saving time fo
本题解析：
细节理解题。第三段第二句C项an increase in the number of travels 是原文 a rise in air?line travel的同义替换，A、B项内容非定位段出现，D项未提及。
First two hours, now three hours-this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight, at least at some major U. S. airports with increasingly massive securities lines.
Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security protocols in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804, which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea, provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of air travels or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on American’s economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating.
Last year, the Transportation Security Administration （TSA） found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons—both fake and real一past airport security nearly every time they tried. Enhanced security measures since then, combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving economy and low oil prices, have resulted in long waits at major airports such as Chicago’s O' Hare International. It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become—but the airlines are obvious.
Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel, so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes. Another fact may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry - on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlines strongly dispute this.
There is one step the USA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: En?roll more people in the PreCheck program. PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes. This allows the TSA to focus on travels who are higher risk, saving time fo
本题解析：
细节理解题。第二段第一句“美国人愿意接受长时间的安全检查”，A项为原词复现，B 项原文未提及worldwide属于扩大范围，C项混淆 major airports 和 major U.S., D项未提及privacy。
We often use the words "growth" and "development" as if they meant basically the same thing. But this may not always be the case. One can easily imagine instances in which a country has achieved higher levels of income （growth） with little or no benefit coming to most of its citizens （ development）.
In the past, most development policies were aimed at increasing the growth rate of income per capita. Many are still based on the theory that the benefit of economic growth will come to all members of society. If this theory is correct, growth should encourage development.
By the early 1970s, however, the relationship between growth and development was being questioned. A major study by the World Bank in 1974 concluded that it is now clear that more than decades of rapid growth in developing countries has been of little benefit to a third of their population.
The World Bank study showed that increase in GNP per capita did not promise important improvements in such development indicators as nutrition, health, and education. Although GNP per capita did in?deed rise, its benefit came down to only a small part of the population. This realization gives rise to a call for new development policies. These new policies favor agriculture over industry, call for national redistribution of income and wealth, and encourage programs to satisfy such basic needs as food and shelter.
In the late 1970s and early 1980s, the international macroeconomic crises of high oil prices, worldwide recession and the third world debt, forced attention away from programs designed to get rid of poverty. How?ever, the lesson remains: economic growth does not promise economic development. Efforts may be required to change growing output capacity into economic benefit that reach most of a nation's people.
If the passage continues, what would the author most likely discuss in the next paragraph?
本题解析：
推理判断题。本文主要讲述的是 “growth”与“development”之间的不一致,也就是说，往往只有经济的“growth”没有人们生活的 “development”，因此下文该讲述怎样解决这一问题。
We often use the words "growth" and "development" as if they meant basically the same thing. But this may not always be the case. One can easily imagine instances in which a country has achieved higher levels of income （growth） with little or no benefit coming to most of its citizens （ development）.
In the past, most development policies were aimed at increasing the growth rate of income per capita. Many are still based on the theory that the benefit of economic growth will come to all members of society. If this theory is correct, growth should encourage development.
By the early 1970s, however, the relationship between growth and development was being questioned. A major study by the World Bank in 1974 concluded that it is now clear that more than decades of rapid growth in developing countries has been of little benefit to a third of their population.
The World Bank study showed that increase in GNP per capita did not promise important improvements in such development indicators as nutrition, health, and education. Although GNP per capita did in?deed rise, its benefit came down to only a small part of the population. This realization gives rise to a call for new development policies. These new policies favor agriculture over industry, call for national redistribution of income and wealth, and encourage programs to satisfy such basic needs as food and shelter.
In the late 1970s and early 1980s, the international macroeconomic crises of high oil prices, worldwide recession and the third world debt, forced attention away from programs designed to get rid of poverty. How?ever, the lesson remains: economic growth does not promise economic development. Efforts may be required to change growing output capacity into economic benefit that reach most of a nation's people.
According to the study by the World Bank in 1974, economic growth in some backward countries brought .
本题解析：
推理判断题。由第三段最后一句话 "...has been of little benefit to a third of their population”可知，只对2/3的人口有益。
We often use the words "growth" and "development" as if they meant basically the same thing. But this may not always be the case. One can easily imagine instances in which a country has achieved higher levels of income （growth） with little or no benefit coming to most of its citizens （ development）.
In the past, most development policies were aimed at increasing the growth rate of income per capita. Many are still based on the theory that the benefit of economic growth will come to all members of society. If this theory is correct, growth should encourage development.
By the early 1970s, however, the relationship between growth and development was being questioned. A major study by the World Bank in 1974 concluded that it is now clear that more than decades of rapid growth in developing countries has been of little benefit to a third of their population.
The World Bank study showed that increase in GNP per capita did not promise important improvements in such development indicators as nutrition, health, and education. Although GNP per capita did in?deed rise, its benefit came down to only a small part of the population. This realization gives rise to a call for new development policies. These new policies favor agriculture over industry, call for national redistribution of income and wealth, and encourage programs to satisfy such basic needs as food and shelter.
In the late 1970s and early 1980s, the international macroeconomic crises of high oil prices, worldwide recession and the third world debt, forced attention away from programs designed to get rid of poverty. How?ever, the lesson remains: economic growth does not promise economic development. Efforts may be required to change growing output capacity into economic benefit that reach most of a nation's people.
Before the 1970s, most development policies were based on theory that economic growth would benefit .
本题解析：
细节理解题。由第二段第二句话可知，20世纪70年代以前，很多发展政策都是以经济的增长能给所有人带来好处为理论基础，故选D。
We often use the words "growth" and "development" as if they meant basically the same thing. But this may not always be the case. One can easily imagine instances in which a country has achieved higher levels of income （growth） with little or no benefit coming to most of its citizens （ development）.
In the past, most development policies were aimed at increasing the growth rate of income per capita. Many are still based on the theory that the benefit of economic growth will come to all members of society. If this theory is correct, growth should encourage development.
By the early 1970s, however, the relationship between growth and development was being questioned. A major study by the World Bank in 1974 concluded that it is now clear that more than decades of rapid growth in developing countries has been of little benefit to a third of their population.
The World Bank study showed that increase in GNP per capita did not promise important improvements in such development indicators as nutrition, health, and education. Although GNP per capita did in?deed rise, its benefit came down to only a small part of the population. This realization gives rise to a call for new development policies. These new policies favor agriculture over industry, call for national redistribution of income and wealth, and encourage programs to satisfy such basic needs as food and shelter.
In the late 1970s and early 1980s, the international macroeconomic crises of high oil prices, worldwide recession and the third world debt, forced attention away from programs designed to get rid of poverty. How?ever, the lesson remains: economic growth does not promise economic development. Efforts may be required to change growing output capacity into economic benefit that reach most of a nation's people.
What do we learn from the first paragraph about the relationship between growth and development?
本题解析：
推理判断题。由第一段第三句话可知，有时“growth”可能并不能促进“development”, 选C。
I left university with a good degree in English Literature, but no sense of what I wanted to do. Over the next six years, I was treading water, just trying to earn an income. I tried journalism, but I didn’t think I was any good, then finance, which I hated. Finally, I got a job as a rights assistant at a famous publisher. I loved working with books, although the job that I did was dull.
I had enough savings to take a year off work, and I decided to try to satisfy a deep-down wish to write a novel. Attending a Novel Writing MA course gave me the structure I needed to write my first 55,000 words.
It takes confidence to make a new start — there’s a dark period in-between where you’re neither one thing nor the other. You’re out for dinner and people ask what you do, and you’re too ashamed to say, “Well, I’m writing a novel, but I’m not quite sure if I’m going to get there.” My confidence dived. Believing my novel could not be published, I put it aside.
Then I met an agent who said I should send my novel out to agents. So, I did and, to my surprise, got some wonderful feedback. I felt a little hope that I might actually become a published writer and, after signing with an agent, I finished the second half of the novel.
The next problem was finding a publisher. After two-and-a-half years of no income, just waiting and wondering, a publisher offered me a book deal — that publisher turned out to be the one I once worked for.
It feels like an unbelievable stroke of luck — of fate, really. When you set out to do something different, there’s no end in sight, so to find myself in a position where I now have my own name on a contract of the publisher — to be a published writer — is unbelievably rewarding.
What does the author mainly want to tell readers in the last paragraph?
本题解析：
推理判断题。本段作者表达他刚刚开始时“there’s no end in sight”到后来的“an unbelievable stroke of luck” “to be a published writer — is unbelievably rewarding（有回报的）”是想要告诉读者，坚持自己的目标是值得的，总会碰到运气的降临。B项“刻苦努力是成功之路”，不符合文章意思。C、D项停留于文章表面意思。故答案为A。
I left university with a good degree in English Literature, but no sense of what I wanted to do. Over the next six years, I was treading water, just trying to earn an income. I tried journalism, but I didn’t think I was any good, then finance, which I hated. Finally, I got a job as a rights assistant at a famous publisher. I loved working with books, although the job that I did was dull.
I had enough savings to take a year off work, and I decided to try to satisfy a deep-down wish to write a novel. Attending a Novel Writing MA course gave me the structure I needed to write my first 55,000 words.
It takes confidence to make a new start — there’s a dark period in-between where you’re neither one thing nor the other. You’re out for dinner and people ask what you do, and you’re too ashamed to say, “Well, I’m writing a novel, but I’m not quite sure if I’m going to get there.” My confidence dived. Believing my novel could not be published, I put it aside.
Then I met an agent who said I should send my novel out to agents. So, I did and, to my surprise, got some wonderful feedback. I felt a little hope that I might actually become a published writer and, after signing with an agent, I finished the second half of the novel.
The next problem was finding a publisher. After two-and-a-half years of no income, just waiting and wondering, a publisher offered me a book deal — that publisher turned out to be the one I once worked for.
It feels like an unbelievable stroke of luck — of fate, really. When you set out to do something different, there’s no end in sight, so to find myself in a position where I now have my own name on a contract of the publisher — to be a published writer — is unbelievably rewarding.
How did the writer feel halfway with the novel?
本题解析：
推理判断题。根据文章第三段话 “It takes confidence to make a new start” “My confidence dived” “Believing my novel could not be published, I put it aside”及本段叙述了作者回答别人问题时提到 “I’m writing a novel, but I’m not quite sure if I’m going to get there”可知，此时他的感觉应该是还不完全确定他现在是否还要继续写他的小说。故答案选D。
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