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发布时间： 2021-12-28 11:04
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All but the tiniest of roads have to have names so they can be recognized on a map, and so people can ask directions to them. Americans name a lot of bridges, too.
Very often these names carry a clear geographical reference－the Pennsylvania Turnpike, for example. Or, like the George Washington Bridge, roads and bridges are named for famous historical figures or powerful officers.
We make a big deal out of naming things, as when someone decided to name an airport after a U.S. judge. So now we have the Baltimore Washington International Thurgood Marshall Airport.
Many, if not most, of our college buildings are named for wealthy people who gave a lot of money to the schools. And our sports centers took this idea a step further. Companies paid a whole lot of money for what’s called the “naming rights” to U.S. Cellular Field in Chicago, for example, and Citizens Bank Park in Philadelphia.
Now the governor（州长）of Virginia, Bob McDonnell, wants to sell naming rights to roads and bridges in the state. He says not just companies, but also wealthy people, would help the Virginia transportation budget（预算）by paying to have their names－or perhaps those of loved ones-placed on roads and bridges, and thus on maps as well.
People hold different views, however. Supporters say Americans are used to having things sponsored（赞助）.Others disagree, considering the idea as the next step in the “companies of America.” They wonder how far such an idea might spread, and where it would end: at the Burger King Pacific Ocean, perhaps.
What can we learn from the last paragraph？（ ）
本题解析：
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“People hold diferent views,…”可知，针对冠名权，人们有着不同的看法。故选D。
All but the tiniest of roads have to have names so they can be recognized on a map, and so people can ask directions to them. Americans name a lot of bridges, too.
Very often these names carry a clear geographical reference－the Pennsylvania Turnpike, for example. Or, like the George Washington Bridge, roads and bridges are named for famous historical figures or powerful officers.
We make a big deal out of naming things, as when someone decided to name an airport after a U.S. judge. So now we have the Baltimore Washington International Thurgood Marshall Airport.
Many, if not most, of our college buildings are named for wealthy people who gave a lot of money to the schools. And our sports centers took this idea a step further. Companies paid a whole lot of money for what’s called the “naming rights” to U.S. Cellular Field in Chicago, for example, and Citizens Bank Park in Philadelphia.
Now the governor（州长）of Virginia, Bob McDonnell, wants to sell naming rights to roads and bridges in the state. He says not just companies, but also wealthy people, would help the Virginia transportation budget（预算）by paying to have their names－or perhaps those of loved ones-placed on roads and bridges, and thus on maps as well.
People hold different views, however. Supporters say Americans are used to having things sponsored（赞助）.Others disagree, considering the idea as the next step in the “companies of America.” They wonder how far such an idea might spread, and where it would end: at the Burger King Pacific Ocean, perhaps.
Why does the governor of Virginia want to sell naming rights？（ ）
本题解析：
细节理解题。根据短文第五段的“He says not just companies，but also wealthy people，would help the Virginia transportation budget（预算）…”可知弗吉尼亚州的州长想要出售冠名权的目的是为了增加该州运输系统的预算。故选A。
All but the tiniest of roads have to have names so they can be recognized on a map, and so people can ask directions to them. Americans name a lot of bridges, too.
Very often these names carry a clear geographical reference－the Pennsylvania Turnpike, for example. Or, like the George Washington Bridge, roads and bridges are named for famous historical figures or powerful officers.
We make a big deal out of naming things, as when someone decided to name an airport after a U.S. judge. So now we have the Baltimore Washington International Thurgood Marshall Airport.
Many, if not most, of our college buildings are named for wealthy people who gave a lot of money to the schools. And our sports centers took this idea a step further. Companies paid a whole lot of money for what’s called the “naming rights” to U.S. Cellular Field in Chicago, for example, and Citizens Bank Park in Philadelphia.
Now the governor（州长）of Virginia, Bob McDonnell, wants to sell naming rights to roads and bridges in the state. He says not just companies, but also wealthy people, would help the Virginia transportation budget（预算）by paying to have their names－or perhaps those of loved ones-placed on roads and bridges, and thus on maps as well.
People hold different views, however. Supporters say Americans are used to having things sponsored（赞助）.Others disagree, considering the idea as the next step in the “companies of America.” They wonder how far such an idea might spread, and where it would end: at the Burger King Pacific Ocean, perhaps.
Who are many college buildings named for according to the passage?（ ）
本题解析：
细节理解题。根据短文第四段的“our college buildings are named for wealthy people who gave a lot of money to the schools”可知，很多高校根据那些为校捐款者的名字命名。故选B。
All but the tiniest of roads have to have names so they can be recognized on a map, and so people can ask directions to them. Americans name a lot of bridges, too.
Very often these names carry a clear geographical reference－the Pennsylvania Turnpike, for example. Or, like the George Washington Bridge, roads and bridges are named for famous historical figures or powerful officers.
We make a big deal out of naming things, as when someone decided to name an airport after a U.S. judge. So now we have the Baltimore Washington International Thurgood Marshall Airport.
Many, if not most, of our college buildings are named for wealthy people who gave a lot of money to the schools. And our sports centers took this idea a step further. Companies paid a whole lot of money for what’s called the “naming rights” to U.S. Cellular Field in Chicago, for example, and Citizens Bank Park in Philadelphia.
Now the governor（州长）of Virginia, Bob McDonnell, wants to sell naming rights to roads and bridges in the state. He says not just companies, but also wealthy people, would help the Virginia transportation budget（预算）by paying to have their names－or perhaps those of loved ones-placed on roads and bridges, and thus on maps as well.
People hold different views, however. Supporters say Americans are used to having things sponsored（赞助）.Others disagree, considering the idea as the next step in the “companies of America.” They wonder how far such an idea might spread, and where it would end: at the Burger King Pacific Ocean, perhaps.
Most of the roads need to have names so that ____.（ ）
本题解析：
细节理解题。根据短文第一段的“All but the tiniest of roads have to have names so they can be recognized on map”可知，所有道路需要命名的原因是为了能够在地图上得到辨识。故选A。
It is widely accepted that English is the global language of modern times.
About three decades ago, French was recognized as the language of diplomacy（外交），and German was considered the language of science and technology. English now dominates（主导）not only as the language of science but also diplomacy, computing, and tourism. Today, in terms of native speakers, Mandarin Chinese is the world’s largest language.
Yet there are people who believe that China will become the most powerful country in the world. Some have even fixed the date as early as the year 2020. At present, while English is more widely spoken than any other language, there are more people who speak Chinese than English due to the large population in China alone. If China does become a world power, there is no doubt that this language will spread worldwide.
As the controversy over which language will become dominant in the world continues, there are many who feel that the dominance of English is unique and irreversible（不可逆的）.However, a separate study from David Graddol’s suggests that English’s dominance in the scientific area will continue. There is also an argument that the English language would be changed greatly by 2020 for various reasons. With the possibility of China rising as a world power, Mandarin could definitely challenge the dominance of English as a global language.
What does controversy in the last paragraph probably mean?（ ）
本题解析：
词义猜测题。根据短文最后一段可知，目前有些人认为英语的主导地位将会持续，且独特而不可逆。而另一方面，也有争论认为到2020年英语发生巨大改变，而随着中国国力的强大，汉语将使英语的世界主导地位受到挑战。结合语境，且与后文的argument相呼应，可推测这里的“controversy”意为“争论”，表达关于哪种语言会成为主导语言的争论一直在持续。故选C。
It is widely accepted that English is the global language of modern times.
About three decades ago, French was recognized as the language of diplomacy（外交），and German was considered the language of science and technology. English now dominates（主导）not only as the language of science but also diplomacy, computing, and tourism. Today, in terms of native speakers, Mandarin Chinese is the world’s largest language.
Yet there are people who believe that China will become the most powerful country in the world. Some have even fixed the date as early as the year 2020. At present, while English is more widely spoken than any other language, there are more people who speak Chinese than English due to the large population in China alone. If China does become a world power, there is no doubt that this language will spread worldwide.
As the controversy over which language will become dominant in the world continues, there are many who feel that the dominance of English is unique and irreversible（不可逆的）.However, a separate study from David Graddol’s suggests that English’s dominance in the scientific area will continue. There is also an argument that the English language would be changed greatly by 2020 for various reasons. With the possibility of China rising as a world power, Mandarin could definitely challenge the dominance of English as a global language.
The author says that Chinese is expected to spread worldwide if ____.（ ）
本题解析：
细节理解题。根据短文第三段的“If China does become a world power, there is no doubt that this language will spread worldwide”可知，如果中国成为一个真正的世界强国，那么汉语就会在世界范围内传播。故选D。
It is widely accepted that English is the global language of modern times.
About three decades ago, French was recognized as the language of diplomacy（外交），and German was considered the language of science and technology. English now dominates（主导）not only as the language of science but also diplomacy, computing, and tourism. Today, in terms of native speakers, Mandarin Chinese is the world’s largest language.
Yet there are people who believe that China will become the most powerful country in the world. Some have even fixed the date as early as the year 2020. At present, while English is more widely spoken than any other language, there are more people who speak Chinese than English due to the large population in China alone. If China does become a world power, there is no doubt that this language will spread worldwide.
As the controversy over which language will become dominant in the world continues, there are many who feel that the dominance of English is unique and irreversible（不可逆的）.However, a separate study from David Graddol’s suggests that English’s dominance in the scientific area will continue. There is also an argument that the English language would be changed greatly by 2020 for various reasons. With the possibility of China rising as a world power, Mandarin could definitely challenge the dominance of English as a global language.
Which language has the largest population of native speakers?（ ）
本题解析：
细节理解题。根据短文第三段的“there are more people who speak Chinese than English due to the large population in China alone”可知，因为中国庞大的人口数量，目前相比较于被广泛使用的英语，汉语有更大的使用人群。故选D。
It is widely accepted that English is the global language of modern times.
About three decades ago, French was recognized as the language of diplomacy（外交），and German was considered the language of science and technology. English now dominates（主导）not only as the language of science but also diplomacy, computing, and tourism. Today, in terms of native speakers, Mandarin Chinese is the world’s largest language.
Yet there are people who believe that China will become the most powerful country in the world. Some have even fixed the date as early as the year 2020. At present, while English is more widely spoken than any other language, there are more people who speak Chinese than English due to the large population in China alone. If China does become a world power, there is no doubt that this language will spread worldwide.
As the controversy over which language will become dominant in the world continues, there are many who feel that the dominance of English is unique and irreversible（不可逆的）.However, a separate study from David Graddol’s suggests that English’s dominance in the scientific area will continue. There is also an argument that the English language would be changed greatly by 2020 for various reasons. With the possibility of China rising as a world power, Mandarin could definitely challenge the dominance of English as a global language.
Which language is now considered as the language of diplomacy?（ ）
本题解析：
细节理解题。根据短文第二段的“English now dominates（主导）not only as the language of science but also diplomacy”可知，英语已成为外交主导语言。故选B。
Ron was an engineer. He planned a change and tried the new job of teaching kids how to swim. Ron’s easy manner soon made him a full-time employee at the swim school.
Now, the 40 hours he works a week takes in weekends, early mornings and late afternoons. He earned around 25% less than he did in engineering. But, at 49, he says he has never been happier. “I’ve had a drop in pay, but I’ve cut back on spending, too. I seldom drive to work so don’t have to pay as much for petrol（汽油）. I don’t drink as much. I go walking in my lunch break and I’ve lost 20 kilos. I love going to work. The whole family is a lot happier.”
When one of his brothers called, offering to help him find “a real job”, he answered, “I don’t care. I know what I’m doing is good.”
He admits it was fearful making such a big change when there was the mortgage（分期付款）to pay and kids to clothe and feed, but in the end he feels it is a simple choice. “If you’re in a job you don’t like, get out. Money’s not everything. If you don’t like it, change－find something you’re going to be happy with.”
What’s Ron’s advice to the readers?（ ）
本题解析：
细节理解题。根据短文最后一段罗恩的话“If you’re in a job you don’t like, get out”可知，罗恩认为如果你不喜欢自己的工作，那直接走人就行了。故选C。
Ron was an engineer. He planned a change and tried the new job of teaching kids how to swim. Ron’s easy manner soon made him a full-time employee at the swim school.
Now, the 40 hours he works a week takes in weekends, early mornings and late afternoons. He earned around 25% less than he did in engineering. But, at 49, he says he has never been happier. “I’ve had a drop in pay, but I’ve cut back on spending, too. I seldom drive to work so don’t have to pay as much for petrol（汽油）. I don’t drink as much. I go walking in my lunch break and I’ve lost 20 kilos. I love going to work. The whole family is a lot happier.”
When one of his brothers called, offering to help him find “a real job”, he answered, “I don’t care. I know what I’m doing is good.”
He admits it was fearful making such a big change when there was the mortgage（分期付款）to pay and kids to clothe and feed, but in the end he feels it is a simple choice. “If you’re in a job you don’t like, get out. Money’s not everything. If you don’t like it, change－find something you’re going to be happy with.”
How does Ron manage to cut back on spending?（ ）
本题解析：
细节理解题。根据第二段的“I seldom drive to work so l don’t have to pay as much for petrol（汽油）”，可知，罗恩换工作后，他很少开车，也就不用付汽油费了，因而减少了开销。故选A。
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