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A database system is a collection of interrelated data and a set of programs that allow users to access and modify these data. A major purpose of a database system is to provide users with an（ ）view of the data. That is, the system hides certain details of how the data are stored and maintained. For the system to be usable, it must retrieve data（ ）。 The need for efficiency has led designers to use complex data（ ）to represent data in the database. Since many database-system users are not computer trained, developers hide the complexity from users through several levels of abstraction, to simplify users' interactions with the system. Physical level is the lowest level of abstraction that describes（ ）the data are actually stored. Logical level is the next-higher level of abstraction that describes（ ）data are stored in the database, and what relationships exist among those data. View level is the highest level of abstraction that describes only part of the entire database.
问题1
在几种不同类型的软件维护中，通常情况下（）所占工作量最大。
在()中，项目经理的权力是最小的。
在项目实施的过程中，项目经理通过项目周报中的项目进度分析图表发现机房施工进度有延期风险。项目经理立即组织相关人员进行分析，下达了关于改进措施的书面指令。该指令属于（ ）
The IT service manager resigns from a project that meets the scheduleand budget. After hiring an alternativenew manager, the team is opposed to the comments from the new manager. The team is at （） developmentstages。
（）is closet to Deming's definition of Quality。
The IT service manager has learned that a software canimprove the efficiency of current and future project tasks. Because the software is fresh to the Company. Theengineer is not familiar with the software. The lT service manager decides to send the highest level engineero attend the external training course. The proiect manager uses （） risk strategies。
The process control charts are used （）。
