2021年成人高等考试《专升本英语》模拟试卷8

The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare's time is estimated to have been about five million. Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a(an)　21　language, mainly in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas,　22　are a great many regional and social varieties of the language as well as　23　levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms.

　　In fact, it is　24　to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate working knowledge of English in addition to their own languages. The　25　for English learning and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is　26　to explain and still more difficult to judge　27　forms an adequate working knowledge for each situation.

　　The main reason for the widespread　28　for English is its present day importance as a world language. Besides　29　the indefinite needs of its native speakers, English is a language in which some of important works in science, technology, and other　30　are being produced, and not always by native speakers. It is widely used for　31　purposes as meteorological(气象的) and airport communications, international conferences, and the　32　of information over the radio and television networks of many　33　. It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries, specially former British colonies. Many of these countries have multilingual　34　and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government, commerce, industry, law and　35　as well as for international communication and for entrance to the scientific and technological developments in the West.

____.

The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare's time is estimated to have been about five million. Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a(an)　21　language, mainly in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas,　22　are a great many regional and social varieties of the language as well as　23　levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms.

　　In fact, it is　24　to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate working knowledge of English in addition to their own languages. The　25　for English learning and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is　26　to explain and still more difficult to judge　27　forms an adequate working knowledge for each situation.

　　The main reason for the widespread　28　for English is its present day importance as a world language. Besides　29　the indefinite needs of its native speakers, English is a language in which some of important works in science, technology, and other　30　are being produced, and not always by native speakers. It is widely used for　31　purposes as meteorological(气象的) and airport communications, international conferences, and the　32　of information over the radio and television networks of many　33　. It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries, specially former British colonies. Many of these countries have multilingual　34　and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government, commerce, industry, law and　35　as well as for international communication and for entrance to the scientific and technological developments in the West.

____.

The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare's time is estimated to have been about five million. Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a(an)　21　language, mainly in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas,　22　are a great many regional and social varieties of the language as well as　23　levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms.

　　In fact, it is　24　to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate working knowledge of English in addition to their own languages. The　25　for English learning and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is　26　to explain and still more difficult to judge　27　forms an adequate working knowledge for each situation.

　　The main reason for the widespread　28　for English is its present day importance as a world language. Besides　29　the indefinite needs of its native speakers, English is a language in which some of important works in science, technology, and other　30　are being produced, and not always by native speakers. It is widely used for　31　purposes as meteorological(气象的) and airport communications, international conferences, and the　32　of information over the radio and television networks of many　33　. It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries, specially former British colonies. Many of these countries have multilingual　34　and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government, commerce, industry, law and　35　as well as for international communication and for entrance to the scientific and technological developments in the West.

____.

--He hardly has anything nowadays, ____?

--No, I don't think so.（　　）

___ man is ____ reasoning animal.（　　）

To get the job started, ____ I need is your permission.（　　）

Bill looked around for a participant ____.（　　）

The president ____ Mr. Baker medical adviser.（　　）

--How did you find your visit to the museum?

--I thoroughly enjoyed it. It was ____ than I expected.（　　）

Open the window, ____?（　　）

If motorists had to pay an extra tax to drive in cities, they ____ their cars a lot less.（　　）

When a fire ____ at the National Exhibition in London, at least ten priceless paintings were completely destroyed.（　　）

It is a small country, yet has a lot of ____ resources.（　　）

____ their luggage, the tourists hurried to the airport.（　　）

You must take ____ for granted that I will help you.（　　）

Does John know any other foreign languages ____ French?（　　）

The man showed the boy ____ he should play the piano.（　　）

Don't put off until tomorrow ____ should be done today.（　　）

The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare's time is estimated to have been about five million. Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a(an) 　21　 language, mainly in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas, 　22　 are a great many regional and social varieties of the language as well as 　23　 levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms.

　　In fact, it is 　24　 to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate working knowledge of English in addition to their own languages. The 　25　 for English learning and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is 　26　 to explain and still more difficult to judge 　27　 forms an adequate working knowledge for each situation.

　　The main reason for the widespread 　28　 for English is its present day importance as a world language. Besides 　29　 the indefinite needs of its native speakers, English is a language in which some of important works in science, technology, and other 　30　 are being produced, and not always by native speakers. It is widely used for 　31　 purposes as meteorological(气象的)and airport communications, international conferences, and the 　32　 of information over the radio and television networks of many 　33　. It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries, specially former British colonies. Many of these countries have multi-lingual 　34　 and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government, commerce, industry, law and 　35　 as well as for international communication and for entrance to the scientific and technological developments in the West.

____.

The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare's time is estimated to have been about five million. Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a(an) 　21　 language, mainly in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas, 　22　 are a great many regional and social varieties of the language as well as 　23　 levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms.

　　In fact, it is 　24　 to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate working knowledge of English in addition to their own languages. The 　25　 for English learning and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is 　26　 to explain and still more difficult to judge 　27　 forms an adequate working knowledge for each situation.

　　The main reason for the widespread 　28　 for English is its present day importance as a world language. Besides 　29　 the indefinite needs of its native speakers, English is a language in which some of important works in science, technology, and other 　30　 are being produced, and not always by native speakers. It is widely used for 　31　 purposes as meteorological(气象的)and airport communications, international conferences, and the 　32　 of information over the radio and television networks of many 　33　. It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries, specially former British colonies. Many of these countries have multi-lingual 　34　 and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government, commerce, industry, law and 　35　 as well as for international communication and for entrance to the scientific and technological developments in the West.

____.

The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare's time is estimated to have been about five million. Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a(an) 　21　 language, mainly in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas, 　22　 are a great many regional and social varieties of the language as well as 　23　 levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms.

　　In fact, it is 　24　 to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate working knowledge of English in addition to their own languages. The 　25　 for English learning and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is 　26　 to explain and still more difficult to judge 　27　 forms an adequate working knowledge for each situation.

　　The main reason for the widespread 　28　 for English is its present day importance as a world language. Besides 　29　 the indefinite needs of its native speakers, English is a language in which some of important works in science, technology, and other 　30　 are being produced, and not always by native speakers. It is widely used for 　31　 purposes as meteorological(气象的)and airport communications, international conferences, and the 　32　 of information over the radio and television networks of many 　33　. It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries, specially former British colonies. Many of these countries have multi-lingual 　34　 and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government, commerce, industry, law and 　35　 as well as for international communication and for entrance to the scientific and technological developments in the West.

____.

The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare's time is estimated to have been about five million. Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a(an) 　21　 language, mainly in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas, 　22　 are a great many regional and social varieties of the language as well as 　23　 levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms.

　　In fact, it is 　24　 to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate working knowledge of English in addition to their own languages. The 　25　 for English learning and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is 　26　 to explain and still more difficult to judge 　27　 forms an adequate working knowledge for each situation.

　　The main reason for the widespread 　28　 for English is its present day importance as a world language. Besides 　29　 the indefinite needs of its native speakers, English is a language in which some of important works in science, technology, and other 　30　 are being produced, and not always by native speakers. It is widely used for 　31　 purposes as meteorological(气象的)and airport communications, international conferences, and the 　32　 of information over the radio and television networks of many 　33　. It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries, specially former British colonies. Many of these countries have multi-lingual 　34　 and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government, commerce, industry, law and 　35　 as well as for international communication and for entrance to the scientific and technological developments in the West.

____.

The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare's time is estimated to have been about five million. Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a(an) 　21　 language, mainly in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas, 　22　 are a great many regional and social varieties of the language as well as 　23　 levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms.

　　In fact, it is 　24　 to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate working knowledge of English in addition to their own languages. The 　25　 for English learning and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is 　26　 to explain and still more difficult to judge 　27　 forms an adequate working knowledge for each situation.

　　The main reason for the widespread 　28　 for English is its present day importance as a world language. Besides 　29　 the indefinite needs of its native speakers, English is a language in which some of important works in science, technology, and other 　30　 are being produced, and not always by native speakers. It is widely used for 　31　 purposes as meteorological(气象的)and airport communications, international conferences, and the 　32　 of information over the radio and television networks of many 　33　. It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries, specially former British colonies. Many of these countries have multi-lingual 　34　 and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government, commerce, industry, law and 　35　 as well as for international communication and for entrance to the scientific and technological developments in the West.

____.

The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare's time is estimated to have been about five million. Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a(an) 　21　 language, mainly in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas, 　22　 are a great many regional and social varieties of the language as well as 　23　 levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms.

　　In fact, it is 　24　 to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate working knowledge of English in addition to their own languages. The 　25　 for English learning and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is 　26　 to explain and still more difficult to judge 　27　 forms an adequate working knowledge for each situation.

　　The main reason for the widespread 　28　 for English is its present day importance as a world language. Besides 　29　 the indefinite needs of its native speakers, English is a language in which some of important works in science, technology, and other 　30　 are being produced, and not always by native speakers. It is widely used for 　31　 purposes as meteorological(气象的)and airport communications, international conferences, and the 　32　 of information over the radio and television networks of many 　33　. It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries, specially former British colonies. Many of these countries have multi-lingual 　34　 and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government, commerce, industry, law and 　35　 as well as for international communication and for entrance to the scientific and technological developments in the West.

____.

The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare's time is estimated to have been about five million. Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a(an) 　21　 language, mainly in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas, 　22　 are a great many regional and social varieties of the language as well as 　23　 levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms.

　　In fact, it is 　24　 to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate working knowledge of English in addition to their own languages. The 　25　 for English learning and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is 　26　 to explain and still more difficult to judge 　27　 forms an adequate working knowledge for each situation.

　　The main reason for the widespread 　28　 for English is its present day importance as a world language. Besides 　29　 the indefinite needs of its native speakers, English is a language in which some of important works in science, technology, and other 　30　 are being produced, and not always by native speakers. It is widely used for 　31　 purposes as meteorological(气象的)and airport communications, international conferences, and the 　32　 of information over the radio and television networks of many 　33　. It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries, specially former British colonies. Many of these countries have multi-lingual 　34　 and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government, commerce, industry, law and 　35　 as well as for international communication and for entrance to the scientific and technological developments in the West.

____.

The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare's time is estimated to have been about five million. Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a(an) 　21　 language, mainly in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas, 　22　 are a great many regional and social varieties of the language as well as 　23　 levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms.

　　In fact, it is 　24　 to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate working knowledge of English in addition to their own languages. The 　25　 for English learning and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is 　26　 to explain and still more difficult to judge 　27　 forms an adequate working knowledge for each situation.

　　The main reason for the widespread 　28　 for English is its present day importance as a world language. Besides 　29　 the indefinite needs of its native speakers, English is a language in which some of important works in science, technology, and other 　30　 are being produced, and not always by native speakers. It is widely used for 　31　 purposes as meteorological(气象的)and airport communications, international conferences, and the 　32　 of information over the radio and television networks of many 　33　. It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries, specially former British colonies. Many of these countries have multi-lingual 　34　 and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government, commerce, industry, law and 　35　 as well as for international communication and for entrance to the scientific and technological developments in the West.

____.

The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare's time is estimated to have been about five million. Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a(an) 　21　 language, mainly in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas, 　22　 are a great many regional and social varieties of the language as well as 　23　 levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms.

　　In fact, it is 　24　 to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate working knowledge of English in addition to their own languages. The 　25　 for English learning and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is 　26　 to explain and still more difficult to judge 　27　 forms an adequate working knowledge for each situation.

　　The main reason for the widespread 　28　 for English is its present day importance as a world language. Besides 　29　 the indefinite needs of its native speakers, English is a language in which some of important works in science, technology, and other 　30　 are being produced, and not always by native speakers. It is widely used for 　31　 purposes as meteorological(气象的)and airport communications, international conferences, and the 　32　 of information over the radio and television networks of many 　33　. It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries, specially former British colonies. Many of these countries have multi-lingual 　34　 and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government, commerce, industry, law and 　35　 as well as for international communication and for entrance to the scientific and technological developments in the West.

____.

The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare's time is estimated to have been about five million. Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a(an) 　21　 language, mainly in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas, 　22　 are a great many regional and social varieties of the language as well as 　23　 levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms.

　　In fact, it is 　24　 to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate working knowledge of English in addition to their own languages. The 　25　 for English learning and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is 　26　 to explain and still more difficult to judge 　27　 forms an adequate working knowledge for each situation.

　　The main reason for the widespread 　28　 for English is its present day importance as a world language. Besides 　29　 the indefinite needs of its native speakers, English is a language in which some of important works in science, technology, and other 　30　 are being produced, and not always by native speakers. It is widely used for 　31　 purposes as meteorological(气象的)and airport communications, international conferences, and the 　32　 of information over the radio and television networks of many 　33　. It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries, specially former British colonies. Many of these countries have multi-lingual 　34　 and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government, commerce, industry, law and 　35　 as well as for international communication and for entrance to the scientific and technological developments in the West.

____.

The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare's time is estimated to have been about five million. Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a(an) 　21　 language, mainly in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas, 　22　 are a great many regional and social varieties of the language as well as 　23　 levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms.

　　In fact, it is 　24　 to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate working knowledge of English in addition to their own languages. The 　25　 for English learning and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is 　26　 to explain and still more difficult to judge 　27　 forms an adequate working knowledge for each situation.

　　The main reason for the widespread 　28　 for English is its present day importance as a world language. Besides 　29　 the indefinite needs of its native speakers, English is a language in which some of important works in science, technology, and other 　30　 are being produced, and not always by native speakers. It is widely used for 　31　 purposes as meteorological(气象的)and airport communications, international conferences, and the 　32　 of information over the radio and television networks of many 　33　. It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries, specially former British colonies. Many of these countries have multi-lingual 　34　 and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government, commerce, industry, law and 　35　 as well as for international communication and for entrance to the scientific and technological developments in the West.

____.

The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare's time is estimated to have been about five million. Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a(an) 　21　 language, mainly in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas, 　22　 are a great many regional and social varieties of the language as well as 　23　 levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms.

　　In fact, it is 　24　 to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate working knowledge of English in addition to their own languages. The 　25　 for English learning and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is 　26　 to explain and still more difficult to judge 　27　 forms an adequate working knowledge for each situation.

　　The main reason for the widespread 　28　 for English is its present day importance as a world language. Besides 　29　 the indefinite needs of its native speakers, English is a language in which some of important works in science, technology, and other 　30　 are being produced, and not always by native speakers. It is widely used for 　31　 purposes as meteorological(气象的)and airport communications, international conferences, and the 　32　 of information over the radio and television networks of many 　33　. It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries, specially former British colonies. Many of these countries have multi-lingual 　34　 and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government, commerce, industry, law and 　35　 as well as for international communication and for entrance to the scientific and technological developments in the West.

____.

Valencia is in the east part of Spain. It has a port on the sea, two miles away from the coast. It is the capital of a province that is also named Valencia.

　　The city is a market center for what is produced by the land around the city. Most of the city's money is made from farming. It is also a busy business city, with ships, railways clothes and machine factories.

　　Valencia has an old part with white buildings, colored roofs, and narrow streets. The modern part has long, wide streets and new buildings. Valencia is well known for its parks and gardens. It has many old churches and museums. The University in the center of the city was built in the 13th century.

　　The city of valencia has been known since the 2nd century. In the 8th century it was the capital of Spain. There is also an important city in Venzuela(委内瑞拉)named Valencia.

From the text, how many places have the name Valencia?（　　）

Valencia is in the east part of Spain. It has a port on the sea, two miles away from the coast. It is the capital of a province that is also named Valencia.

　　The city is a market center for what is produced by the land around the city. Most of the city's money is made from farming. It is also a busy business city, with ships, railways clothes and machine factories.

　　Valencia has an old part with white buildings, colored roofs, and narrow streets. The modern part has long, wide streets and new buildings. Valencia is well known for its parks and gardens. It has many old churches and museums. The University in the center of the city was built in the 13th century.

　　The city of valencia has been known since the 2nd century. In the 8th century it was the capital of Spain. There is also an important city in Venzuela(委内瑞拉)named Valencia.

What is the main difference between the two parts of the city?（　　）

Valencia is in the east part of Spain. It has a port on the sea, two miles away from the coast. It is the capital of a province that is also named Valencia.

　　The city is a market center for what is produced by the land around the city. Most of the city's money is made from farming. It is also a busy business city, with ships, railways clothes and machine factories.

　　Valencia has an old part with white buildings, colored roofs, and narrow streets. The modern part has long, wide streets and new buildings. Valencia is well known for its parks and gardens. It has many old churches and museums. The University in the center of the city was built in the 13th century.

　　The city of valencia has been known since the 2nd century. In the 8th century it was the capital of Spain. There is also an important city in Venzuela(委内瑞拉)named Valencia.

When was Valencia the most important city in Spain?（　　）

Valencia is in the east part of Spain. It has a port on the sea, two miles away from the coast. It is the capital of a province that is also named Valencia.

　　The city is a market center for what is produced by the land around the city. Most of the city's money is made from farming. It is also a busy business city, with ships, railways clothes and machine factories.

　　Valencia has an old part with white buildings, colored roofs, and narrow streets. The modern part has long, wide streets and new buildings. Valencia is well known for its parks and gardens. It has many old churches and museums. The University in the center of the city was built in the 13th century.

　　The city of valencia has been known since the 2nd century. In the 8th century it was the capital of Spain. There is also an important city in Venzuela(委内瑞拉)named Valencia.

What is Valencia famous for?（　　）

At the University of Kansas art museum, scientists tested the effect of different colored walls on two groups of visitors to an exhibit of paintings.

　　For the first group the room was painted white; for the second, dark brown. Movement of each group was followed by an electrical equipment under the carpet.

　　The experiment showed that those who entered the dark brown walked more quickly, covered more area, and spent less time in the room than people in the white one. Dark brown made people more active, but the activity ended sooner.

　　Not only the choice of colors but also the general appearance of a room affects those inside. Another experiment presented people with photographs of faces whose energy was to be commented. Three groups of people were used; each was shown the same photos, but each group was in an ordinary room--a nice office. The third was in a tastefully designed living room with carpeting.

　　Results showed that the people in the beautiful room tend to give higher marks to the faces than those in the ugly room did. Other studies that students do better on tests taken in comfortable room than in ordinary-looking or ugly rooms.

Which of the following is the best expression of the main idea of this passage?（　　）

At the University of Kansas art museum, scientists tested the effect of different colored walls on two groups of visitors to an exhibit of paintings.

　　For the first group the room was painted white; for the second, dark brown. Movement of each group was followed by an electrical equipment under the carpet.

　　The experiment showed that those who entered the dark brown walked more quickly, covered more area, and spent less time in the room than people in the white one. Dark brown made people more active, but the activity ended sooner.

　　Not only the choice of colors but also the general appearance of a room affects those inside. Another experiment presented people with photographs of faces whose energy was to be commented. Three groups of people were used; each was shown the same photos, but each group was in an ordinary room--a nice office. The third was in a tastefully designed living room with carpeting.

　　Results showed that the people in the beautiful room tend to give higher marks to the faces than those in the ugly room did. Other studies that students do better on tests taken in comfortable room than in ordinary-looking or ugly rooms.

According to the passage, we may conclude that the whiter a room is ____.（　　）

At the University of Kansas art museum, scientists tested the effect of different colored walls on two groups of visitors to an exhibit of paintings.

　　For the first group the room was painted white; for the second, dark brown. Movement of each group was followed by an electrical equipment under the carpet.

　　The experiment showed that those who entered the dark brown walked more quickly, covered more area, and spent less time in the room than people in the white one. Dark brown made people more active, but the activity ended sooner.

　　Not only the choice of colors but also the general appearance of a room affects those inside. Another experiment presented people with photographs of faces whose energy was to be commented. Three groups of people were used; each was shown the same photos, but each group was in an ordinary room--a nice office. The third was in a tastefully designed living room with carpeting.

　　Results showed that the people in the beautiful room tend to give higher marks to the faces than those in the ugly room did. Other studies that students do better on tests taken in comfortable room than in ordinary-looking or ugly rooms.

What is referred to as the “general appearance” in this passage is ____.（　　）

At the University of Kansas art museum, scientists tested the effect of different colored walls on two groups of visitors to an exhibit of paintings.

　　For the first group the room was painted white; for the second, dark brown. Movement of each group was followed by an electrical equipment under the carpet.

　　The experiment showed that those who entered the dark brown walked more quickly, covered more area, and spent less time in the room than people in the white one. Dark brown made people more active, but the activity ended sooner.

　　Not only the choice of colors but also the general appearance of a room affects those inside. Another experiment presented people with photographs of faces whose energy was to be commented. Three groups of people were used; each was shown the same photos, but each group was in an ordinary room--a nice office. The third was in a tastefully designed living room with carpeting.

　　Results showed that the people in the beautiful room tend to give higher marks to the faces than those in the ugly room did. Other studies that students do better on tests taken in comfortable room than in ordinary-looking or ugly rooms.

This passage provides us with ____.（　　）

If women are mercilessly exploited (剥削) year after year, they are only themselves to blame. Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores. Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion. When you come to think of it, only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe(衣柜)packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear.

　　Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste. Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace lothes that have hardly been worn. Women who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way, waste hours of their time altering the dresses they have. Skirts are lengthened or shortened; necklines are lowered or raised, and so on.

　　No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability(耐用). They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort, as long as they look right. There can hardly be a man who hasn't at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day, delicately picking her way through deep snow in high-heeled shoes.

　　When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion the conclusions to be drawn are obvious. Do the constantly changing fashion of women's clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability? Men are too clever to let themselves be treated by fashion designers. Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and feasibility? That's for you to decide.

Designers and big stores always make money ____.（　　）

If women are mercilessly exploited (剥削) year after year, they are only themselves to blame. Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores. Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion. When you come to think of it, only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe(衣柜)packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear.

　　Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste. Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace lothes that have hardly been worn. Women who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way, waste hours of their time altering the dresses they have. Skirts are lengthened or shortened; necklines are lowered or raised, and so on.

　　No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability(耐用). They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort, as long as they look right. There can hardly be a man who hasn't at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day, delicately picking her way through deep snow in high-heeled shoes.

　　When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion the conclusions to be drawn are obvious. Do the constantly changing fashion of women's clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability? Men are too clever to let themselves be treated by fashion designers. Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and feasibility? That's for you to decide.

To the writer, the fact that women alter their old-fashion dress is seen as ____.（　　）

If women are mercilessly exploited (剥削) year after year, they are only themselves to blame. Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores. Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion. When you come to think of it, only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe(衣柜)packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear.

　　Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste. Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace lothes that have hardly been worn. Women who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way, waste hours of their time altering the dresses they have. Skirts are lengthened or shortened; necklines are lowered or raised, and so on.

　　No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability(耐用). They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort, as long as they look right. There can hardly be a man who hasn't at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day, delicately picking her way through deep snow in high-heeled shoes.

　　When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion the conclusions to be drawn are obvious. Do the constantly changing fashion of women's clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability? Men are too clever to let themselves be treated by fashion designers. Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and feasibility? That's for you to decide.

The writer would be less critical if fashion designers placed more stress on the ____ of clothing.（　　）

If women are mercilessly exploited (剥削) year after year, they are only themselves to blame. Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores. Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion. When you come to think of it, only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe(衣柜)packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear.

　　Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste. Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace lothes that have hardly been worn. Women who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way, waste hours of their time altering the dresses they have. Skirts are lengthened or shortened; necklines are lowered or raised, and so on.

　　No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability(耐用). They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort, as long as they look right. There can hardly be a man who hasn't at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day, delicately picking her way through deep snow in high-heeled shoes.

　　When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion the conclusions to be drawn are obvious. Do the constantly changing fashion of women's clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability? Men are too clever to let themselves be treated by fashion designers. Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and feasibility? That's for you to decide.

According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?（　　）

Climate, more than any other single factor, determines the distribution of life on earth. Climatic boundaries establish the limits which organisms can survive. Plants, even more than animals, must be well adapted to climate in order to survive. They cannot move about or take shelter but must be equipped to endure whatever weather conditions are likely to occur. In the harsh conditions of the tundra, for example, low growing mosses, lichens, and a few flowering plants all hug the ground for shelter from icy winds.

　　Animal, despite their ability to move about and find shelter, are just as much influenced by climate as plants are. Creatures such as the camel and the penguin are so highly specialized that they have an extremely limited distribution. Others, such as bears are flexible enough to adapt to a broad range of climates. Oceandwelling organisms are just as sensitive to climatic changes--in this case temperature and salinity--as land animals. Reef corals can survive only in clear warm seawater. Certain foraminifers are so sensitive to changes in their environment that their presence can be taken as an index of sea temperature. Human beings are among the least specialized of all animals and can live almost anywhere. Their clothes and their homes act as a sort of 〝miniature climate" that can be taken with them everywhere.

According to the passage, plants on the tundra grow in the ground ____.（　　）

Climate, more than any other single factor, determines the distribution of life on earth. Climatic boundaries establish the limits which organisms can survive. Plants, even more than animals, must be well adapted to climate in order to survive. They cannot move about or take shelter but must be equipped to endure whatever weather conditions are likely to occur. In the harsh conditions of the tundra, for example, low growing mosses, lichens, and a few flowering plants all hug the ground for shelter from icy winds.

　　Animal, despite their ability to move about and find shelter, are just as much influenced by climate as plants are. Creatures such as the camel and the penguin are so highly specialized that they have an extremely limited distribution. Others, such as bears are flexible enough to adapt to a broad range of climates. Oceandwelling organisms are just as sensitive to climatic changes--in this case temperature and salinity--as land animals. Reef corals can survive only in clear warm seawater. Certain foraminifers are so sensitive to changes in their environment that their presence can be taken as an index of sea temperature. Human beings are among the least specialized of all animals and can live almost anywhere. Their clothes and their homes act as a sort of 〝miniature climate" that can be taken with them everywhere.

According to the passage, which of the following can be found in areas with quite different climatic conditions on Earth?（　　）

Climate, more than any other single factor, determines the distribution of life on earth. Climatic boundaries establish the limits which organisms can survive. Plants, even more than animals, must be well adapted to climate in order to survive. They cannot move about or take shelter but must be equipped to endure whatever weather conditions are likely to occur. In the harsh conditions of the tundra, for example, low growing mosses, lichens, and a few flowering plants all hug the ground for shelter from icy winds.

　　Animal, despite their ability to move about and find shelter, are just as much influenced by climate as plants are. Creatures such as the camel and the penguin are so highly specialized that they have an extremely limited distribution. Others, such as bears are flexible enough to adapt to a broad range of climates. Oceandwelling organisms are just as sensitive to climatic changes--in this case temperature and salinity--as land animals. Reef corals can survive only in clear warm seawater. Certain foraminifers are so sensitive to changes in their environment that their presence can be taken as an index of sea temperature. Human beings are among the least specialized of all animals and can live almost anywhere. Their clothes and their homes act as a sort of 〝miniature climate" that can be taken with them everywhere.

It can be inferred from the passage that foraminifers are a ____.（　　）

Climate, more than any other single factor, determines the distribution of life on earth. Climatic boundaries establish the limits which organisms can survive. Plants, even more than animals, must be well adapted to climate in order to survive. They cannot move about or take shelter but must be equipped to endure whatever weather conditions are likely to occur. In the harsh conditions of the tundra, for example, low growing mosses, lichens, and a few flowering plants all hug the ground for shelter from icy winds.

　　Animal, despite their ability to move about and find shelter, are just as much influenced by climate as plants are. Creatures such as the camel and the penguin are so highly specialized that they have an extremely limited distribution. Others, such as bears are flexible enough to adapt to a broad range of climates. Oceandwelling organisms are just as sensitive to climatic changes--in this case temperature and salinity--as land animals. Reef corals can survive only in clear warm seawater. Certain foraminifers are so sensitive to changes in their environment that their presence can be taken as an index of sea temperature. Human beings are among the least specialized of all animals and can live almost anywhere. Their clothes and their homes act as a sort of 〝miniature climate" that can be taken with them everywhere.

According to the passage, human beings can survive almost everywhere on earth because ____.（　　）

　Exercise, everyone advises! But immediately, when you try, you run into trouble. There is so much contradictory, sometimes in correct advice about exercising that become confused. Test yourself on the following true-false quiz. It tells you what you need to know.

　　1．To lose weight you should always 〝work up a good sweat" when exercising.

　　False. Sweating only lowers body temperature to prevent overheating; it does not help you reduce weight. You may weight less immediately after a workout, but this is due to water loss. Once you replace the liquid, you replace the weight.

　　2．You burn more calories jogging one mile than walking the same distance.

　　False. You use, the same amount of energy whether you walk or jog the mile, since in both cases you are moving the same weight the same distance. The speed doesn't matter. Of course, if you jog rather than walk for 30 minutes, you'll cover more distance, and therefore burn more calories.

　　3．If your breathing doesn't return to normal within minutes after you finish exercising, you've exercised too much.

　　True. Five minutes or so after exercising, your breathing should be normal, your heart shouldn't pounding, and you shouldn’t exhausted. Beneficial exercise is not too difficult, unpleasant, and exhausting; it is enjoyable and refresh.

　　4．Walking is one of the best exercises.

　　True. Walking helps circulation of blood throughout the body, and thus has a direct effect on your overall feeling of health.

The underlined phrase “work up” in Quiz 1 means ____.（　　）

　Exercise, everyone advises! But immediately, when you try, you run into trouble. There is so much contradictory, sometimes in correct advice about exercising that become confused. Test yourself on the following true-false quiz. It tells you what you need to know.

　　1．To lose weight you should always 〝work up a good sweat" when exercising.

　　False. Sweating only lowers body temperature to prevent overheating; it does not help you reduce weight. You may weight less immediately after a workout, but this is due to water loss. Once you replace the liquid, you replace the weight.

　　2．You burn more calories jogging one mile than walking the same distance.

　　False. You use, the same amount of energy whether you walk or jog the mile, since in both cases you are moving the same weight the same distance. The speed doesn't matter. Of course, if you jog rather than walk for 30 minutes, you'll cover more distance, and therefore burn more calories.

　　3．If your breathing doesn't return to normal within minutes after you finish exercising, you've exercised too much.

　　True. Five minutes or so after exercising, your breathing should be normal, your heart shouldn't pounding, and you shouldn’t exhausted. Beneficial exercise is not too difficult, unpleasant, and exhausting; it is enjoyable and refresh.

　　4．Walking is one of the best exercises.

　　True. Walking helps circulation of blood throughout the body, and thus has a direct effect on your overall feeling of health.

This article explains ____.（　　）

　Exercise, everyone advises! But immediately, when you try, you run into trouble. There is so much contradictory, sometimes in correct advice about exercising that become confused. Test yourself on the following true-false quiz. It tells you what you need to know.

　　1．To lose weight you should always 〝work up a good sweat" when exercising.

　　False. Sweating only lowers body temperature to prevent overheating; it does not help you reduce weight. You may weight less immediately after a workout, but this is due to water loss. Once you replace the liquid, you replace the weight.

　　2．You burn more calories jogging one mile than walking the same distance.

　　False. You use, the same amount of energy whether you walk or jog the mile, since in both cases you are moving the same weight the same distance. The speed doesn't matter. Of course, if you jog rather than walk for 30 minutes, you'll cover more distance, and therefore burn more calories.

　　3．If your breathing doesn't return to normal within minutes after you finish exercising, you've exercised too much.

　　True. Five minutes or so after exercising, your breathing should be normal, your heart shouldn't pounding, and you shouldn’t exhausted. Beneficial exercise is not too difficult, unpleasant, and exhausting; it is enjoyable and refresh.

　　4．Walking is one of the best exercises.

　　True. Walking helps circulation of blood throughout the body, and thus has a direct effect on your overall feeling of health.

Which of the following statements is true about Quiz 2?

　Exercise, everyone advises! But immediately, when you try, you run into trouble. There is so much contradictory, sometimes in correct advice about exercising that become confused. Test yourself on the following true-false quiz. It tells you what you need to know.

　　1．To lose weight you should always 〝work up a good sweat" when exercising.

　　False. Sweating only lowers body temperature to prevent overheating; it does not help you reduce weight. You may weight less immediately after a workout, but this is due to water loss. Once you replace the liquid, you replace the weight.

　　2．You burn more calories jogging one mile than walking the same distance.

　　False. You use, the same amount of energy whether you walk or jog the mile, since in both cases you are moving the same weight the same distance. The speed doesn't matter. Of course, if you jog rather than walk for 30 minutes, you'll cover more distance, and therefore burn more calories.

　　3．If your breathing doesn't return to normal within minutes after you finish exercising, you've exercised too much.

　　True. Five minutes or so after exercising, your breathing should be normal, your heart shouldn't pounding, and you shouldn’t exhausted. Beneficial exercise is not too difficult, unpleasant, and exhausting; it is enjoyable and refresh.

　　4．Walking is one of the best exercises.

　　True. Walking helps circulation of blood throughout the body, and thus has a direct effect on your overall feeling of health.

The author believes ____.（　　）