如图所示,甲图是探究“阻力对物体运动的影响”的实验装置,让同一小车从斜面上相同的高度由静止滑下,在粗糙程度不同的水平面上运动。乙图是探究“物体的动能跟哪些因素有关” 的实验装置,让同一钢球从斜面上不同的高度由静止滚下,碰到同一木块上。请回答:
(1)甲实验中,小车在水平面上运动时,在竖直方向上受到的力有________和________;在水平 方向上受到摩擦力,且摩擦力越小,小车的速度减小得越________。从而可以推理:如果运 动的物体不受力,它将________。
(2)乙实验中的研究对象是________(选填“钢球”或“木块”),实验目的是探究物体的动能大小与________的关系。
(1)重力;支持力;慢;做匀速直线运动
(2)钢球;速度大小
【考点】阻力对物体运动影响的探究实验
【解析】【解答】(1)甲实验中,小车在水平面上运动时,在竖直方向上受到的力有:竖直向下的重力和竖直向上的支持力;在水平 方向上受到摩擦力,且摩擦力越小,小车的速度减小得越慢。从而可以推理:如果运动的物体不受力,它将做匀速直线运动;
(2)乙实验中的研究对象是钢球,而木块是反映钢球动能大小的;“同一钢球”的质量相等,“不同高度”使钢球的速度不同,因此探究的物体的动能与速度大小的关系。
【分析】(1)小车在水平方向上运动时,它在竖直方向上保持静止状态,受到一对平衡力;摩擦力是小车速度减小的原因,它的大小影响速度减小的快慢程度;如果没有摩擦力,小车的速度就不会减小,将永远不停的运动下去;
(2)探究物体的动能的影响因素时,动能的大小靠小球推动木块运动距离的远近来反映;影响动能的因素有物体的质量和速度,探究一个因素对动能的影响时,必须控制另一个因素相同。
Dogs are the best pets of humans. They come in all sizes. Some dogs are as small as a football, and others are as tall as a desk. Dogs’ fur (毛) is different, too. It can be long and soft, or smooth and hard. People don’t mind the kind of fur, because all dogs are good to hug.
请在字典中查一下这个词。
我喜欢甜食, 你知道的。
去年, 彼得在旅途中和许多人交了朋友。
我叫托尼· 史密斯, 史密斯是我的姓。
我们在课上回答问题时应该起立
Tea and coffee are two of the most popular drinks in the world. However, people usually like one more than the other. These drinks also have very different uses.
People in the office usually sit for most of the day when they work. But this is bad for a person’s health. When people sit for too long every day, they don’t move very much. So it is easy to start getting fat. Sitting too long is also bad for their work because it makes them want to sleep. When this happens, people may make more mistakes in their work or spend more time finishing their work. Companies need workers to be healthy, so how do they fix the problem?